Primary surgical procedures for bleeding hemorrhoids include:
1) rubber band ligation, which involves the tying of the swollen anal blood vessel, as if it will be used like a tourniquet, to shrink the affected area in a matter of 2-7 days, and with a cure rate of 87%
2) sclerotheraphy, which involves the injection of a certain phenol to the swollen vessel, making it shrink off instantly
3) cauterization, which involves the burning of the affected vessel by means of several methods.
Next-level surgical anal blood vessel procedures will be done if none of these three mentioned operations worked. These procedures involve more body tissue invasions, so such operations are performed to the patients while under general anesthesia. General complications from these procedures can include urinary retentions (since the proximity of these operations in the anal canal are near the nerves that connect to the urinary bladder), bleeding and sepsis, and anal strictures.
Hemorrhoidectomy is an in-patient procedure that involves the cutting-off of the swollen hemorrhoid. It takes 2-4 weeks for a patient who underwent this procedure to recover. Long-term adverse effects of this operation include the reduced functional ability of the anal blood vessels (that actually control the release of our stools out of our bodies).
Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization is a minimally-invasive surgical operation for the treatment of bleeding hemorrhoids. This is just like the rubber band ligation procedure but it is now guided with a Doppler tool to help in the tying of the affected blood vessel. It has high rates of recurrence – meaning results of this operation are just short-term and the same abnormalities will likely occur again– but has a lower rate of complication than hemorrhoidectomy.
The notoriety of the hemorrhoidectomy procedure in the body tissues, as well as the gravity of pain that is needed to be endured and the required long recovery periods, had become the primary reason for the establishment of the stapled hemorrhoidopexy operation. It is a milder version of the first above-tackled surgical procedure, with the inclusion of the reconnecting of the ends of the blood vessel, in which the swollen part was cut-off from, to each other. This surgical procedure assures lesser pain and faster healing.
According to U.S. statistics, at least 50% of the entire American population had suffered from bleeding hemorrhoids, with 5% of the same population that suffers from such abnormality at any given time. Major causes of this abnormality include irregular bowel habits, lack of exercise and excessive low-fiber diets that both lead to obesity, pregnancy, genetics, and aging. According to the Institute of Medicine of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, an average American adult only takes 12-18 grams of dietary fiber a day, contrary to the recommended 20-35 grams of dietary fiber intake everyday.
So in order not to suffer from bleeding hemorrhoids, proper and balanced high-fiber diets, lots of balanced physical activities and rest, regular bowel movement is needed; that is, if you don’t want the above-mentioned surgical procedures to be done on you.
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